The shrine
The shrine is part of the following collections: The Hallaton Treasure.
The Treasure was found in an Iron Age shrine dating from around 50 BC through to the Roman invasion of AD 43. Archaeologists believe that the site is a type of open air shrine that is the first of its kind to have been discovered in the UK. It was located on a hilltop and was probably enclosed by a ditch with a palisade to one side.
No building was discovered inside the enclosure and archaeologists believe that people were worshipping some natural feature – trees, stones or perhaps even wooden idols.
From the late 1st century BC until the AD 50s during the Roman conquest, the shrine was the focus of much activity. Worshippers were burying their riches, feasting and sacrificing.
Highlights
The enclosure
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Feasting
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The palisade
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Burial of silver and a dog
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Winter
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Coin burial
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The Romans arrive
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Helmet burial
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Why was it buried?
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The enclosure
From around 50 BC people were coming to the Hallaton shrine to offer sacrifices to their gods in the form of jewellery and coins. The shrine was in an area that had had a ritual significance for thousands of years.
Feasting
Pork was deliberately chosen for feasts as the Iron Age Britons associated it with status, wealth and warriors. A tankard handle was also found amongst the bones, evidence that people were sharing ale or mead.
The palisade
Archaeologists believe that a palisade was built on the east facing side some time after the burial of the silver objects. The east-west alignment is important in Iron Age mythology
Burial of silver and a dog
Around AD 1 – 30 a dog was buried in the entrance to the shrine to spiritually protect the site. Around the same time some silver objects and a hoard of coins were buried in the base of the enclosure ditch.
Winter
Archaeologists found thousands of pig bones a few yards in front of the shrine’s entrance. It seems that hundreds of people were gathering to feast, perhaps yearly, during the AD 30s. Judging by the age of the pigs when they died it is likely that the feasting occurred during the winter months.
Coin burial
Coin hoards were found buried all over the site but the majority were found in the entranceway, buried in the AD 30s, 40s or even as late as the 50s, probably over a number of years. They may be the gifts of a few rich nobles or the collected wealth of whole communities – we will probably never know for sure.
The Romans arrive
The Roman invasion began in AD 43. It took them several years to reach the East Midlands and it is likely that the feasting, the sacrifice of the precious metals and coins were all in response to the dramatic events that were unfolding.
Helmet burial
A Roman cavalry helmet, coins and pig remains were buried in a pit at the shrine during the AD 40s or AD 50s.
Why was it buried? It is unusual for a Roman helmet to be buried at a Late Iron Age site so early in the conquest of Britain. Was it a diplomatic gift to the local inhabitants, battlefield plunder or the helmet of a native man who had finished his service in the Roman cavalry?
Why was it buried?
Why a Roman helmet was buried on a British site is a real mystery. It must have been buried by a Briton but was it a diplomatic gift, battlefield plunder or was it even the helmet of a Briton who had served in the Roman cavalry?
